The Pendawa, who had gained a lot of various knowledge
through court formal education in Hastinapura’s palace and experiences of
self-denial mainly due to oppressive deeds by Korawa and their cronies, turned
out to be champions of justice. They could manage perfectly all state affaires,
justice, welfare and prosperity were guaranteed. All the citizens were happy.
The success of Amarta were known outside its boundaries. It had good relation
with more and more countries. A Rajasuya ceremony, attended by more than 100
kings was held as a sign of great respect to Yudistira as a great king. Except,
Dwarawati kingdom, the closest allies of Amarta were the kingdoms of Cempala
and Wirata. Besides having friendship with other countries, Amarta maintained
excellent contact with many wise Bagawans/priests from various countries. This
solid policy strengthened the position of Amarta. Yudistira was referred also
as Darmakusuma, in honor of his spiritual father-Betara Darma, the god of
justice. He was considered as the most honest man in the world. When he saw a
terrible injustice, he could be angry and automatically he would transform
(Triwikrama) as a huge white giant.
Kresna always called him, Samiaji, his other name was Guna
Talikrama. His child name was Puntodewa. He had a holy heirloom Jamus
Kalimasada, for protection, truth and mastering the true knowledge of life
(Ilmu Sejati). With his loyal wife Drupadi, he had a son Pancawala. (after the
Baratayuda, he reigned again Hastinapura with his new name, Prabu Kalimataya.
He had another wife, Dewi Kuntulwilaten).
Bima or Werkudara was referred also as Bayu Tanaya, in honor
of his spiritual father Betara/god Bayu. His other names were: Dandum Wacana,
Kusuma Waligita, Bondan Paksajandu. His name as a child was Arya Bratasena. He
had his own palace, Jodipati, sometime he was also referred by the
dalang/puppet-master as Satria Jodipati.
Once he became a king of Gilingwesi by the name of Prabu
Tungguwasesa. From his marriage with Arimbi, he got a son, Gatotkaca or Purbaya
who married with Pergiwa, Arjuna’s daughter. They had a son, Sasi Kirana. Sasi
Kirana was one of Hastinapura;s chief-warrior under Parikesit. Other Gatotkaca
wives were Suryawati and a sakti (having strong supernatural power) lady, Dewi
Sumpani.
One day Gatotkaca and his cousins were making a war exercise
in Kurusetra. The Korawa, led by Dursasana and his son Dursala attacked them.
Gatotkaca was captured but saved by his brother Antareja.
He was cured by his uncle, Seta of Wirata. In order to be
more powerful, Gatotkaca had been given an Aji-aji/mantra called: Narantaka. To
perfectly master the aji-aji, Gatotkaca had to meditate alone in a cave for 40
consecutive days. During that time, no sex was allowed. He followed the
instruction faithfully. Several days before the deadline, he felt that he was
watched by a young lady. He did not take care, although he knew that it was a
temptation. After finishing 40 days meditation, he went out from the cave,
greeted by an atractive village lady. The lady, Sumpani told him openly that
she wished to be his wife. Gatotkaca agreed upon one condition, he would
practiced his new mantra on her. If she could resist the Narantaka, he would
take her as his wife.
Sumpani was not an ordinary village girl, she was a daughter
of a powerful Resi. She had also powerful mantras. Narantaka did no harm to
her. Gatotkaca had another new wife. Bima’ second wife was Nagagini, the
daughter of Sang Hyang Antaboga, a god ascetic living in the seventh layer of
the earth. From this marriage, a true powerful ksatria, Antareja was born.
Educated and trained by his own grand-father, Antareja became an unbeatable
warrior.
He was so strong with tremendons magic power. Only by
licking the footprint of someone, the person would die. With his magical
ability, he had done a lot to protect Pendawa family and Amarta. It was
destined that he was not allowed to take part in the war of Baratayuda. With
his unbelievable power, Korawa and their cronies should be eliminated within a
short time. Kresna secretly had to execute the heaven’s order. Antareja licked
his own footprint and died at once. Antareja had a son, Danurwinda, he would be
the Patih of Hastinapura under Parikesit.
Werkudara’s third wife was Dewi Urang Ayu, the daughter of
Sang Hyang Baruna, a powerful god living under the ocean. Baruna was a very
good god, he had helped several kings such as Arjuna Sasrabahu, Rama etc. Urang
Ayu gave birth to Antasena, another warrior with strong magical ability. He
could kill his enemies by spitting over his poison. In battle or war, he was
very dangerous.
He was good and honest, but like Bima he spoke to everyone
in Ngoko language, (the lowest level of language, spoke between friends, the
refined one is Kromo language, used to respected or elder people). He was very
much concern for the victory of Pendawa in Baratayuda. He was advised by his
grand-father to ask to Sang Hyang Wenang, the greatest decision-maker of life,
the grand-father of Batara Guru. Antasena made an audience to Sang Hyang Wenang
and ask him what he supposed to do, to secure Pendawa’s victory. Sang Hayang
Wenang told him, that he had to be a Tumbal (spiritual tool to gain something)
for Pendawa. In other word, he had to sacrifice his life. Antasena loving his
parents very much, had no objection. Sang Hyang Wenang stared sharply, using
his extraordinary powerful eyes at Antasena’s face, focussed on a spot between
his eyes. Astonishingly, Antasena’s body became smaller and smaller, at last he
vanished. His soul returned to heaven. Thus, he did not take part in
Baratayuda.
Arjuna or Indra Tanaya
Betara/god Indra was his spiritual father. He had several
names and wives (see: figures in wayang: Arjuna). The dalang/shadow-puppet-master,
sometimes referred him as Satria Madukara, the name of his palace or Panengah
Pendawa (the middle of Pendawa), he was no.3 son of the five Pendawa. From his
wife Sembadra, Kresna’ sister (considered as the first wife) he had a son
Abimanyu. Abimanyu’s marriage with Dewi Utari from Wirata, give a birth to
Parikesit, the king of new Hastinapura.
Another wife of Abimanyu was Siti Sundari, Kresna’s
daughter. Abimanyu had been tortured cruelly by several Korawa before his death
in Baratayuda. Arjuna was very angry and killed all his son’s killers in
revenge. Bambang Irawan, his other son who married Titisari, Kresna’s daughter
was also killed in Baratayuda. He and his enormous and strong enemy- a giant –
Kalasrenggi died together in the duel. Arjuna treated his wives equally, but
his best care for sons was Abimanyu. Semar criticized him seriously. Even Semar
had to arrange the wedding ceremony of Sumitra, his son with Larasati. The
wedding helped by gods was successful and extravagant, Arjuna was ashamed to
Semar and apologized.
Jimambang, his other wife, was the daughter of Resi Wilwuk
of Pringgadani. From Resi Wilwuk, he had a mantra, called: Jayengkaton.
Spelling Jayengkaton, he could see the unseen spirits and world. With Banowati,
Duryudana’s wife, he had deep love affaires. Their love relation was continued
after the death of Duryudana. After Banowati had been killed by Aswatama,
Arjuna was very sad. Then he married Citrahoyi, the widow of Arjunapati, who
resembled to Banowati.
From Dresanala, his goddess wife, the daughter of Betara
Brama, he got a sakti son Wisanggeni. Wisanggeni was afraid to nobody, even to
gods. Like Bima and Antaseno, he spoke in Ngoko language. His fate was the same
as Antasena’s, he did not involved in Baratayuda.
Nakula was the fourth Pendawa. His child name was Pinten.
Besides a ksatria warrior, he was an expert in agriculture. During Baratayuda,
king Salya of Mandaraka was terrific fighter, many Pendawa’ soldiers had become
victims. The clever Kresna knew Salya’s love to Nakula and Sadewa. Nakula and
Sadewa, his own nephews, the sons of his younger sister, Madrim visited Salya
in his tent. Salya whole heartedly cared very much Pendawa, especially Nakula
and Sadewa. He told him his secret power. The only one who could defeat him was
Yudistira. He asked also Nakula and Sadewa to become kings of Mandaraka after
the Baratayuda. Both honored the agreements and reigned Mandaraka. Nakula
married Padmasari, the daughter of Widura, Dewi Suyati and Srengganawati. His
court domain was Sawojajer.
Sadewa was the youngest of Pendawa. His child name was
Tangsen. All other Pendawa cared very much Nakula and Sadewa. The twin, since
their tender age had experienced bitter life. They grew stronger and became
ksatria-warrior. Sadewa had his own retreat in Bumi Retawu. He was an expert in
animal husbandry. Widura’s daughter, Padmawati was his first wife.
He married also Endang Sadarmi, the daughter of Resi Tembang
Petra from the hermit of Parangalas. He got a son, Raden Sabekti. His third
wife was Srengginiwati, he got a daughter Dewi Tanjung. Sadewa through
asceticism had mastered the true knowledge of life. He was able to hold an
exorcism ritual (Javanese: Ruwatan) for the evil-goddess, Betari Durga. She was
purified and gained back her normal form physically and spiritually, as Dewi
Uma, the wife of Betara Guru.
Suryo S. Negoro
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar